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JoshHeaps.Net/JoshHeaps.Net/Services/Implementations/SelfPlayCoordinator.cs
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2026-06-13 22:01:12 -06:00

258 lines
10 KiB
C#

using JoshHeaps.Net.Models;
using JoshHeaps.Net.Services.Interfaces;
namespace JoshHeaps.Net.Services.Implementations;
/// <summary>
/// Runs CPU-vs-CPU games: builds the game and engines, plays a randomized opening (for training
/// variety), drives the move loop to completion, then trains the learned engine from the result.
/// </summary>
public sealed class SelfPlayCoordinator(
IChessService chessService,
IChessEngineFactory engineFactory,
IComputerMoveOrchestrator orchestrator,
ILearnedWeightsStore weightsStore,
IGameStore gameStore) : ISelfPlayCoordinator
{
private static readonly TimeSpan _computerGameTimeout = TimeSpan.FromHours(1);
private static readonly TimeSpan _selfPlayMoveDelay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1);
private static readonly TimeSpan _selfPlayResultTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30);
// Abandon a game that goes this long without a move being played — i.e. an engine (usually
// Stockfish) that crashed or froze. The game is killed with no result recorded; if it was an
// auto-training game the trainer schedules a replacement once this one's task completes.
private static readonly TimeSpan _idleTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60);
// Plies of random legal moves at the start of a training game, so self-play and
// engine-vs-engine games explore different lines instead of replaying one game.
private const int _openingRandomPlies = 4;
public (Guid GameId, Task Completion) StartGame(SelfPlayConfig config, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
var whiteComputer = engineFactory.Create(config.WhiteSkill, config.WhiteKind);
IChessEngine blackComputer;
try
{
blackComputer = engineFactory.Create(config.BlackSkill, config.BlackKind);
}
catch
{
// Don't leak the first engine if the second fails to start (e.g. Stockfish process).
whiteComputer.DisposeAsync().AsTask().GetAwaiter().GetResult();
throw;
}
var gameState = chessService.CreateNewGame();
gameState.IsVsComputer = true;
gameState.IsComputerVsComputer = true;
gameState.WhiteJoined = true;
gameState.BlackJoined = true;
gameState.WhitePlayerId = Guid.NewGuid();
gameState.BlackPlayerId = Guid.NewGuid();
gameState.WhiteEngineKind = config.WhiteKind;
gameState.BlackEngineKind = config.BlackKind;
gameState.WhiteComputer = whiteComputer;
gameState.BlackComputer = blackComputer;
// When the learned engine is playing, attach a trainer so the outcome can train it.
if (config.WhiteKind == ChessEngineKind.CustomLearned || config.BlackKind == ChessEngineKind.CustomLearned)
gameState.Trainer = weightsStore.CreateTrainer();
gameStore.Add(gameState);
gameStore.ScheduleRemove(gameState.GameId, _computerGameTimeout);
var completion = Task.Run(() => RunAsync(gameState, cancellationToken));
return (gameState.GameId, completion);
}
/// <summary>
/// Drives the game to completion, then trains from it. Never throws — a failure (or a frozen
/// engine) just ends the game and the trainer is always freed, so callers can await or ignore.
/// </summary>
private async Task RunAsync(GameState gameState, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
bool aborted = false;
try
{
// Give spectators a moment to join the SignalR group before the first move.
await Task.Delay(_selfPlayMoveDelay, cancellationToken);
// Training games open with random moves so they don't replay the same line.
if (gameState.Trainer != nint.Zero)
for (int i = 0; i < _openingRandomPlies && IsLive(gameState, cancellationToken); i++)
{
await orchestrator.PlayRandomMoveAsync(gameState);
await Task.Delay(_selfPlayMoveDelay, cancellationToken);
}
var lastMoveCount = gameState.MoveHistory.Count;
var lastProgress = DateTime.UtcNow;
while (IsLive(gameState, cancellationToken))
{
await PlayMoveWithTimeoutAsync(gameState, cancellationToken);
// Watchdog: abandon the game if it stops making moves (a crashed or frozen engine
// can leave PlayAsync returning without progressing). Reset the clock on a real
// move; otherwise bail once nothing has happened for the idle timeout.
if (gameState.MoveHistory.Count != lastMoveCount)
{
lastMoveCount = gameState.MoveHistory.Count;
lastProgress = DateTime.UtcNow;
}
else if (DateTime.UtcNow - lastProgress > _idleTimeout)
throw new TimeoutException("no move played within the idle timeout");
await Task.Delay(_selfPlayMoveDelay, cancellationToken);
}
}
catch (OperationCanceledException) { aborted = true; /* service shutting down */ }
catch (TimeoutException)
{
aborted = true;
Console.WriteLine($"Self-play game {gameState.GameId} abandoned: no move for over " +
$"{_idleTimeout.TotalSeconds:n0}s (likely a crashed or frozen engine).");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
aborted = true;
Console.WriteLine($"Self-play game {gameState.GameId} stopped: {ex.Message}");
}
// A clean finish trains the learned engine; an abandoned game (cancelled, crashed, or
// idle past the timeout) records nothing and just frees its trainer.
if (aborted)
DiscardTraining(gameState);
else
ApplyLearning(gameState);
// A clean finish lingers briefly so spectators see the result; an abandoned game is torn
// down immediately so its engines (and any crashed/frozen Stockfish process) are released.
if (gameStore.Contains(gameState.GameId))
gameStore.ScheduleRemove(gameState.GameId, aborted ? TimeSpan.Zero : _selfPlayResultTimeout);
}
/// <summary>
/// Plays one engine move, abandoning it if it exceeds <see cref="_idleTimeout"/> (throwing
/// <see cref="TimeoutException"/>) so a single hung move can't block the loop forever. The
/// abandoned move's eventual fault — it errors once the game's engines are disposed — is
/// observed so it isn't an unobserved task exception.
/// </summary>
private async Task PlayMoveWithTimeoutAsync(GameState gameState, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var play = orchestrator.PlayAsync(gameState);
try
{
await play.WaitAsync(_idleTimeout, cancellationToken);
}
catch (TimeoutException)
{
_ = play.ContinueWith(static t => { _ = t.Exception; }, TaskScheduler.Default);
throw;
}
}
private bool IsLive(GameState gameState, CancellationToken cancellationToken) =>
!cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested
&& gameStore.Contains(gameState.GameId)
&& !IsGameOver(gameState);
private static bool IsGameOver(GameState gameState) =>
gameState.IsCheckmate || gameState.IsStalemate || gameState.IsThreefoldRepetition || gameState.IsForfeited;
/// <summary>
/// Feeds a finished training game's result into the learned weights, then frees the trainer.
/// A checkmate is a full-strength result; a material-imbalance draw is a half-strength win
/// for the lower-material side (holding a draw while down material is a success; only drawing
/// while up is a failure). A balanced draw, forfeit, or unfinished game teaches nothing.
/// </summary>
private void ApplyLearning(GameState gameState)
{
if (gameState.Trainer == nint.Zero)
return;
if (TryDetermineOutcome(gameState, out var winner, out var weight))
weightsStore.ApplyResult(gameState.Trainer, winner, weight);
weightsStore.DestroyTrainer(gameState.Trainer);
gameState.Trainer = nint.Zero;
}
/// <summary>
/// Frees an abandoned game's trainer without recording any result — a cancelled, crashed, or
/// idle-timed-out game teaches the model nothing.
/// </summary>
private void DiscardTraining(GameState gameState)
{
if (gameState.Trainer == nint.Zero)
return;
weightsStore.DestroyTrainer(gameState.Trainer);
gameState.Trainer = nint.Zero;
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines the trainable outcome of a finished game: the winning color and the reward
/// weight. Returns false when the game teaches nothing (balanced draw, forfeit, unfinished).
/// </summary>
private static bool TryDetermineOutcome(GameState gameState, out PieceColor winner, out double weight)
{
winner = PieceColor.White;
weight = 1.0;
if (gameState.IsCheckmate)
{
// The side to move is the mated one, so the winner is the other color.
winner = gameState.CurrentPlayer == PieceColor.White ? PieceColor.Black : PieceColor.White;
return true;
}
if (gameState.IsStalemate || gameState.IsThreefoldRepetition)
{
var (white, black) = MaterialCounts(gameState);
if (white == black)
return false; // a balanced draw carries no signal
winner = white < black ? PieceColor.White : PieceColor.Black;
weight = 0.5;
return true;
}
return false; // forfeit / unfinished
}
/// <summary>Total non-king material per side (P=1, N=B=3, R=5, Q=9), for draw adjudication.</summary>
private static (int white, int black) MaterialCounts(GameState gameState)
{
int white = 0, black = 0;
for (int row = 0; row < 8; row++)
for (int col = 0; col < 8; col++)
{
var piece = gameState.Board[row, col];
if (piece is null)
continue;
int value = piece.Type switch
{
PieceType.Pawn => 1,
PieceType.Knight => 3,
PieceType.Bishop => 3,
PieceType.Rook => 5,
PieceType.Queen => 9,
_ => 0
};
if (piece.Color == PieceColor.White)
white += value;
else
black += value;
}
return (white, black);
}
}